Erie County, New York

How a case moves here

Erie County follows New York law on arrests, release, and courts. These rules are the same in every county in the state; the full set covers prosecutors, defense, and jails too.

Who decides release first: A judge of a local criminal court decides release at arraignment; the police do not set bail. Outside the big cities that judge is often a town or village justice who need not be a lawyer. A local court can't set bail on a class A felony or for someone with two prior felony convictions; a superior court judge decides those.
N.Y. Crim. Proc. Law 530.20 N.Y. Crim. Proc. Law 150.20
Time to see a judge: Police must bring an arrested person before a local criminal court without unnecessary delay. The statute sets no hour limit. The U.S. Supreme Court's 48-hour rule for a probable cause finding applies as the federal floor.
N.Y. Crim. Proc. Law 140.20
Money bail: Since 2020, a court must release people charged with most misdemeanors and nonviolent felonies on their own promise or on nonmoney conditions. Money bail is allowed only for listed qualifying offenses, such as violent felonies and some sex and weapons crimes.
N.Y. Crim. Proc. Law 530.20(1)
Courts: Felonies are tried in the Supreme Court in New York City and in the County Court elsewhere. Misdemeanors go to local criminal courts: the New York City Criminal Court, city courts, district courts, and town and village courts. Local courts also hold the first arraignment on felonies.
NY Courts, 8th Judicial District, Court structure NY Courts, New York City Criminal Court
Judges and magistrates: Voters elect Supreme Court justices to 14-year terms and County Court judges to 10-year terms. The mayor appoints New York City Criminal Court judges to 10-year terms, and voters elect town and village justices, who need not be lawyers.
NY Courts, 8th Judicial District, Court structure NYC Bar, Guide to Judicial Selection Methods in New York N.Y. Uniform Justice Court Act 105

Read from the statutes and court rules cited, 2026-09-30. The district attorney's four-year elected term is from the state constitution, which we did not open; County Law 700 confirms each county has one.

What this county does differently

Nothing county-specific yet

Whether Erie County runs a pretrial services office, uses a risk assessment, or has its own bail schedule appears here once a cited source says so.

Police agencies

Agencies: FBI NIBRS master file 2025 batch headers; names from the FBI agency list, pulled 2026-09-29. An agency that serves several counties appears on each. Population served is the FBI's figure.

Crime and arrests

No figures yet

Reported offenses and arrests for Erie County, counted by the agencies that serve it, appear here once the county series is published. NIBRS reporting here started as early as October 2020.