District of Minnesota

A U.S. district court in the Eighth Circuit, in Minnesota. Its figures are federal cases and are never added to Minnesota's.

People sentenced, FY2025: 396
Noncitizens, FY2025: 18%
Pretrial cases, FY2025: 440
Detained, FY2025: 62.5%

Federal sentences

People sentenced in this court under the federal guidelines, by federal fiscal year (October to September), counted by CrimeDB from the Sentencing Commission's records. Dashed lines mark changes in federal sentencing law.

People sentenced, FY2002 to FY2025

FY2003: PROTECT Act, April 30, 2003: appeals courts review departures from the guidelines anew, and the Commission must cut downward departures.
FY2005: United States v. Booker, January 12, 2005: the guidelines become advisory, so FY2005 holds sentences from before and after.
FY2008: Gall and Kimbrough, December 10, 2007: judges may sentence outside the range with less reason given, including over the crack to powder ratio.
FY2010: Fair Sentencing Act, August 3, 2010: crack cocaine thresholds rise and the crack to powder ratio falls from 100 to 1 to about 18 to 1.
FY2019: First Step Act, December 21, 2018: a wider safety valve, no more stacked gun counts, and the crack changes made retroactive.
FY2024: Guideline amendments of November 1, 2023: fewer criminal history points for offenses committed under supervision, and a lower range for people with none.

Sentence type and length, FY2025

Share of people sentenced
Prison only	94%374	374
Prison and alternatives	2%9	9
Probation and alternatives	1%5	5
Probation only	2%8	8

Alternatives are home detention, community confinement, or intermittent confinement. The median prison term was 60 months (mean 74) for the 383 sentenced to prison, 1 of them to life; life and anything over 470 months count as 470, as the Commission counts them.

Percent sentenced to prison, FY2002 to FY2025

Median prison term in months, FY2002 to FY2025

FY2018: From FY2018 the Commission counts a sentence of time served with no amount given as one day of prison; before, it left those out of the prison term. Counted that way, FY2017's national median prison term would be 24 months, not 27.

People sentenced by offense, FY2025

Share of people sentenced
Drug Trafficking	35%138	138
Firearms	18%71	71
Fraud/Theft/Embezzlement	17%67	67
Immigration	11%45	45
Sex Abuse	5%18	18
Robbery	4%17	17
Child Pornography	2%9	9
Money Launder	2%6	6
Prison Offenses	2%6	6
Assault	1%3	3
Murder	1%3	3
Other	1%3	3
Tax	1%3	3
Kidnapping	1%2	2
Stalking/Harassing	1%2	2
Administration of Justice	<1%1	1
Arson	<1%1	1
Obscenity/Other Sex Offenses	<1%1	1

All 396 people sentenced, by the Commission's offense type (OFFGUIDE, by the primary guideline).

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota by offense, FY2018 to FY2025

Offense	FY2018	FY2019*	FY2020	FY2021	FY2022	FY2023	FY2024*	FY2025
Drug Trafficking	117	139	134	96	104	120	160	138
Firearms	44	45	36	35	82	93	104	71
Fraud/Theft/Embezzlement	43	71	47	24	33	47	36	67
Robbery	10	20	20	24	21	13	14	17
Sex Abuse	14	23	12	10	13	10	16	18
Child Pornography	20	20	16	13	12	18	5	9
Immigration	14	15	17	9	5	3	5	45
Tax	12	10	8	9	9	7	8	3
Money Launder	1	6	23	8	2	9	4	6
Assault	4	4	5	3	11	5	6	3
Arson	0	0	0	13	5	5	1	1
Other	3	1	3	1	1	0	9	3
Prison Offenses	0	3	1	2	4	3	1	6
Stalking/Harassing	1	4	2	2	3	4	2	2
Murder	3	1	3	0	3	5	1	3
Administration of Justice	4	2	3	2	1	1	3	1
Obscenity/Other Sex Offenses	3	3	2	2	2	0	2	1
National Defense	1	2	2	1	2	1	1	0
Environmental	0	3	0	1	2	0	0	0
Forgery/Counter/Copyright	0	1	0	0	0	5	0	0
Individual Rights	0	0	0	1	5	0	0	0
Antitrust	0	0	0	0	3	1	0	0
Bribery/Corruption	0	4	0	0	0	0	0	0
Drug Possession	1	1	0	0	2	0	0	0
Kidnapping	0	1	0	0	0	1	0	2
Burglary/Trespass	0	2	0	1	0	0	0	0
Manslaughter	0	1	0	0	0	0	2	0
Food and Drug	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0
Commercialized Vice	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0
All offenses	295	382	334	258	325	353	380	396

By the Commission's offense type for these years (OFFGUIDE, by the primary guideline). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

Earlier years, under the Commission's older offense types, are in the tables at the foot of the page.

People sentenced by citizenship, FY2025

Share of people sentenced
U.S. citizen	82%325	325
Not a U.S. citizen	18%71	71
Citizenship not known	0%0	0

45 of the 396 were sentenced for an immigration offense.

People sentenced by race and Hispanic origin, FY2025

People sentenced by race and Hispanic origin, FY2025
Black, 1 placed by CrimeDB	40%160	160
White+MENA, 2 placed by CrimeDB	26%101	101
Hispanic, 2 placed by CrimeDB	22%85	85
AIAN	9%37	37
Asian+NHPI	2%9	9
Race unknown	1%4	4

Race and Hispanic origin as each person told the probation officer
Race recorded without ethnicity: split by the source's own recorded Hispanic share of each race

All 396 people sentenced. Race and Hispanic origin as each person told the probation officer. Hispanic is of any race; the other groups are not Hispanic. White+MENA includes Middle Eastern and North African people. USSC recorded a race and no Hispanic origin for 5 people in FY2025: each keeps that race, and CrimeDB placed only their Hispanic origin, the lighter part.

People sentenced by criminal history category, FY2025

People sentenced by criminal history category, FY2025
I	38%152	152
II	17%66	66
III	12%46	46
IV	7%28	28
V	7%29	29
VI	19%74	74
Category not known	<1%1	1

All 396 people sentenced. By the category the court found, I (least) to VI (most), from points for prior sentences under the guidelines.

Sentences against the guideline range, FY2025

Sentences against the guideline range, FY2025
Within the range	35%137	137
Above the range	1%3	3
Below the range, government-sponsored	31%122	122
Below the range, not government-sponsored	34%134	134

All 396 people sentenced. In the Commission's four groups. Government-sponsored: the prosecutor moved for it, for substantial assistance, early disposition, or another reason.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Pretrial release and detention

Defendants whose pretrial services case opened in the fiscal year, and the percent detained and never released before trial, as U.S. Courts prints them. Table H-14 counts every case, H-14A leaves out immigration cases, and H-14B, from FY2022, leaves out the cases U.S. Courts classes as illegal alien cases.

Percent detained, all cases (H-14), FY2006 to FY2025

Pretrial release and detention, FY2025

Which cases	Table	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
All cases	H-14	440	275	165	62.5%	37.5%
Excluding immigration cases	H-14A	366	205	161	56.0%	44.0%
Excluding illegal alien cases	H-14B	339	182	157	53.7%	46.3%

Detained: detained and never released before trial, as U.S. Courts prints it.

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B.

Every figure as a table

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota, by fiscal year

Fiscal year	People sentenced	U.S. citizens	Noncitizens	Citizenship not known	Immigration offenses
FY2002	391	285	105	1	16
FY2003	480	335	133	12	31
FY2004	428	338	88	2	12
FY2005	522	400	116	6	17
FY2006	558	401	151	6	32
FY2007	541	379	153	9	43
FY2008	579	424	150	5	34
FY2009	625	488	134	3	62
FY2010	505	369	134	2	30
FY2011	454	343	109	2	48
FY2012	446	354	92	0	32
FY2013	316	260	54	2	16
FY2014	291	239	52	0	22
FY2015	377	300	76	1	31
FY2016	494	416	78	0	25
FY2017	413	331	81	1	21
FY2018	295	231	64	0	14
FY2019	382	319	62	1	15
FY2020	334	260	74	0	17
FY2021	258	227	31	0	9
FY2022	325	299	26	0	5
FY2023	353	327	26	0	3
FY2024	380	341	39	0	5
FY2025	396	325	71	0	45

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Immigration offenses are the Commission's offense type for the year (OFFTYPE2 to FY2009, OFFTYPSB to FY2017, OFFGUIDE from FY2018).

Sentence type in the District of Minnesota, by fiscal year

Fiscal year	People sentenced	Prison only	Prison and alternatives	Probation and alternatives	Probation only	Fine only	Type not known	Sentenced to prison	Life sentences
FY2002	391	338	16	16	18	1	2	91%	0
FY2003*	480	386	14	29	40	10	1	84%	3
FY2004	428	359	13	17	37	1	1	87%	0
FY2005*	522	432	26	28	32	3	1	88%	1
FY2006	558	493	15	19	31	0	0	91%	1
FY2007	541	486	14	19	22	0	0	92%	3
FY2008*	579	519	8	17	35	0	0	91%	1
FY2009	625	518	14	40	53	0	0	85%	1
FY2010*	505	439	14	24	28	0	0	90%	0
FY2011	454	388	16	27	23	0	0	89%	0
FY2012	446	382	13	23	28	0	0	89%	2
FY2013	316	280	4	12	19	1	0	90%	2
FY2014	291	245	4	11	31	0	0	86%	1
FY2015	377	332	5	9	31	0	0	89%	0
FY2016	494	428	9	18	39	0	0	88%	1
FY2017	413	365	17	8	23	0	0	92%	0
FY2018	295	265	4	10	16	0	0	91%	0
FY2019*	382	338	5	13	25	1	0	90%	0
FY2020	334	291	11	7	25	0	0	90%	0
FY2021	258	233	5	7	13	0	0	92%	0
FY2022	325	272	18	7	28	0	0	89%	2
FY2023	353	320	3	10	20	0	0	92%	0
FY2024*	380	353	8	5	14	0	0	95%	0
FY2025	396	374	9	5	8	0	0	97%	1

USSC's sentence types (SENTIMP). Alternatives are home detention, community confinement, or intermittent confinement. Sentenced to prison: prison only, or prison and alternatives, of those whose type is known.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

Sentence length in the District of Minnesota, by fiscal year (months)

Fiscal year	Sentence, mean	Sentence, median	People sentenced	Prison term, mean	Prison term, median	Sentenced to prison
FY2002	56	40	389	61	46	354
FY2003*	55	36	480	66	46	397
FY2004	63	46	427	73	54	371
FY2005*	61	42	521	69	51	457
FY2006	67	46	558	74	55	504
FY2007	67	51	541	73	57	493
FY2008*	63	46	579	70	54	518
FY2009	55	37	625	65	46	525
FY2010*	62	48	505	71	60	442
FY2011	63	37	454	71	46	393
FY2012	69	42	446	78	54	387
FY2013	88	60	316	100	78	278
FY2014	77	57	291	91	62	245
FY2015	73	48	377	82	60	333
FY2016	76	58	494	88	63	424
FY2017	81	60	413	90	68	373
FY2018	83	63	295	91	71	269
FY2019*	85	60	382	95	72	343
FY2020	85	62	334	93	72	302
FY2021	85	70	258	92	72	238
FY2022	86	70	325	96	78	290
FY2023	80	68	353	87	75	323
FY2024*	78	68	380	82	72	361
FY2025	72	55	396	74	60	383

Sentence: prison and alternative confinement, with probation and fines as zero (USSC's sentence length). Prison term: prison alone, for those sentenced to prison (USSC's length of imprisonment). Life and anything over 470 months count as 470, as USSC counts them.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

FY2018: From FY2018 the Commission counts a sentence of time served with no amount given as one day of prison; before, it left those out of the prison term. Counted that way, FY2017's national median prison term would be 24 months, not 27.

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota by offense, FY2002 to FY2009

Offense	FY2002	FY2003*	FY2004	FY2005*	FY2006	FY2007	FY2008*	FY2009
Drugs - Trafficking, Manufacturing, and Importing	190	217	199	253	292	275	290	311
Fraud	58	70	59	73	69	57	69	66
Firearms	32	25	48	49	49	64	62	38
Immigration	16	31	12	17	32	43	34	62
Robbery	20	16	20	28	22	31	28	19
Pornography/Prostitution	5	2	7	8	14	8	30	21
Tax Offenses	3	8	6	9	9	8	11	22
Assault	9	22	9	7	6	2	1	6
Larceny	5	11	12	11	9	5	2	6
Drugs - Communication Facilities	7	6	1	3	9	6	7	20
Money Laundering	5	4	16	6	2	6	8	4
Forgery/Counterfeiting	7	7	2	4	9	12	3	6
Administration of Justice	6	9	5	6	3	1	7	11
Embezzlement	8	10	5	7	6	4	3	4
Traffic Violations and Other Offenses	4	6	3	6	3	6	5	12
Environmental, Game, Fish, and Wildlife Offenses	1	1	2	9	10	2	2	8
Sexual Abuse	4	4	5	6	2	1	8	3
Racketeering/Extortion	1	6	1	7	6	0	6	0
Prison Offenses	3	7	3	8	1	2	0	1
Arson	2	2	2	1	0	2	1	0
Drugs - Simple Possession	3	0	1	1	1	1	0	2
Murder	0	2	1	0	1	3	1	0
Auto Theft	0	4	1	0	0	0	0	0
Gambling/Lottery	0	0	2	1	2	0	0	0
Bribery	0	0	1	1	0	1	0	1
Burglary/Breaking and Entering	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	1
Food and Drug Offenses	0	2	0	0	1	1	0	0
Manslaughter	1	1	1	0	0	0	1	0
National Defense Offenses	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
Offense type not known	0	6	2	1	0	0	0	0
All offenses	391	480	428	522	558	541	579	625

By the Commission's offense type for these years (OFFTYPE2). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota by offense, FY2010 to FY2017

Offense	FY2010*	FY2011	FY2012	FY2013	FY2014	FY2015	FY2016	FY2017
Drugs - Trafficking, Manufacturing, and Importing	284	158	185	81	70	105	150	152
Fraud	55	77	81	80	52	63	105	82
Firearms	31	47	49	39	49	56	86	61
Immigration	30	48	32	16	22	31	25	21
Child Pornography	11	18	20	7	8	24	42	23
Robbery	28	16	7	12	13	16	12	10
Assault	7	8	6	9	15	11	13	9
Traffic Violations and Other Offenses	2	21	15	5	7	13	5	10
Tax Offenses	12	8	13	11	7	8	12	6
Larceny	10	11	4	3	6	11	8	7
Money Laundering	3	11	6	12	5	3	1	4
Sexual Abuse	3	5	3	2	4	5	13	7
Administration of Justice	7	8	4	7	4	4	4	1
Racketeering/Extortion	1	1	2	23	5	4	1	0
Forgery/Counterfeiting	2	6	12	0	0	10	3	0
Embezzlement	2	2	1	1	6	4	4	4
National Defense Offenses	3	0	0	3	2	0	2	5
Prison Offenses	0	1	2	1	4	4	1	1
Murder	1	2	0	1	1	0	1	4
Food and Drug Offenses	5	0	0	0	2	0	1	1
Manslaughter	1	2	2	0	2	1	0	0
Burglary/Breaking and Entering	1	0	0	1	2	3	0	0
Environmental, Game, Fish, and Wildlife Offenses	1	0	0	0	2	0	2	1
Bribery	1	3	0	0	0	0	1	0
Drugs - Communication Facilities	3	0	0	0	0	0	1	1
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking	0	0	0	1	2	1	1	0
Civil Rights Offenses	0	0	2	0	0	0	0	2
Arson	1	0	0	1	1	0	0	0
Antitrust Violations	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Drugs - Simple Possession	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
All offenses	505	454	446	316	291	377	494	413

By the Commission's offense type for these years (OFFTYPSB). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota by offense, FY2025

Offense	People sentenced	Share
Drug Trafficking	138	35%
Firearms	71	18%
Fraud/Theft/Embezzlement	67	17%
Immigration	45	11%
Sex Abuse	18	5%
Robbery	17	4%
Child Pornography	9	2%
Money Launder	6	2%
Prison Offenses	6	2%
Assault	3	1%
Murder	3	1%
Other	3	1%
Tax	3	1%
Kidnapping	2	1%
Stalking/Harassing	2	1%
Administration of Justice	1	<1%
Arson	1	<1%
Obscenity/Other Sex Offenses	1	<1%

All 396 people sentenced, by the Commission's offense type (OFFGUIDE, by the primary guideline). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota by race and Hispanic origin, FY2025

Race and Hispanic origin	People sentenced	Of which placed by CrimeDB	Share
Black	160	1	40%
White+MENA	101	2	26%
Hispanic	85	2	22%
AIAN	37	0	9%
Asian+NHPI	9	0	2%
Race unknown	4	0	1%

All 396 people sentenced.

Hispanic is of any race; the other groups are not Hispanic. White+MENA includes Middle Eastern and North African people.

USSC recorded a race and no Hispanic origin for 5 people in FY2025: each keeps that race, and CrimeDB placed only their Hispanic origin, the lighter part.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Of which placed by CrimeDB: the part of each group CrimeDB placed (race recorded without ethnicity: split by the source's own recorded Hispanic share of each race); the rest of each group is as USSC recorded it.

People sentenced in the District of Minnesota by criminal history category, FY2025

Criminal history category	People sentenced	Share
I	152	38%
II	66	17%
III	46	12%
IV	28	7%
V	29	7%
VI	74	19%
Category not known	1	<1%

All 396 people sentenced.

The category the court found (XCRHISSR), I (least) to VI (most).

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Sentences in the District of Minnesota against the guideline range, FY2025

Against the guideline range	People sentenced	Share
Within the range	137	35%
Above the range	3	1%
Below the range, government-sponsored	122	31%
Below the range, not government-sponsored	134	34%

All 396 people sentenced.

The Commission's four groups (SENTRNGE collapsed as its Sourcebook does).

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Pretrial release and detention in the District of Minnesota, all cases (Table H-14)

Fiscal year	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
FY2006	577	307	270	53.2%	46.8%
FY2007	671	354	317	52.8%	47.2%
FY2008	612	297	315	48.5%	51.5%
FY2009	531	260	271	49.0%	51.0%
FY2010	470	221	249	47.0%	53.0%
FY2011	500	243	257	48.6%	51.4%
FY2012	334	185	149	55.4%	44.6%
FY2013	280	126	154	45.0%	55.0%
FY2014	404	204	200	50.5%	49.5%
FY2015	495	258	237	52.1%	47.9%
FY2016	289	157	132	54.3%	45.7%
FY2017	399	195	204	48.9%	51.1%
FY2018	304	171	133	56.3%	43.8%
FY2019	372	207	165	55.6%	44.4%
FY2020	316	177	139	56.0%	44.0%
FY2021	366	157	209	42.9%	57.1%
FY2022	332	188	144	56.6%	43.4%
FY2023	469	294	175	62.7%	37.3%
FY2024	400	210	190	52.5%	47.5%
FY2025	440	275	165	62.5%	37.5%

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B, as printed.

Pretrial release and detention in the District of Minnesota, excluding immigration cases (Table H-14A)

Fiscal year	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
FY2006	547	280	267	51.2%	48.8%
FY2007	643	328	315	51.0%	49.0%
FY2008	581	268	313	46.1%	53.9%
FY2009	502	232	270	46.2%	53.8%
FY2010	429	182	247	42.4%	57.6%
FY2011	463	207	256	44.7%	55.3%
FY2012	307	159	148	51.8%	48.2%
FY2013	259	105	154	40.5%	59.5%
FY2014	383	184	199	48.0%	52.0%
FY2015	475	240	235	50.5%	49.5%
FY2016	262	131	131	50.0%	50.0%
FY2017	380	177	203	46.6%	53.4%
FY2018	287	157	130	54.7%	45.3%
FY2019	359	194	165	54.0%	46.0%
FY2020	304	165	139	54.3%	45.7%
FY2021	357	149	208	41.7%	58.3%
FY2022	331	187	144	56.5%	43.5%
FY2023	467	292	175	62.5%	37.5%
FY2024	395	205	190	51.9%	48.1%
FY2025	366	205	161	56.0%	44.0%

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B, as printed.

Pretrial release and detention in the District of Minnesota, excluding illegal alien cases (Table H-14B)

Fiscal year	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
FY2022	322	178	144	55.3%	44.7%
FY2023	447	275	172	61.5%	38.5%
FY2024	369	185	184	50.1%	49.9%
FY2025	339	182	157	53.7%	46.3%

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B, as printed.