Southern District of Ohio

A U.S. district court in the Sixth Circuit, in Ohio. Its figures are federal cases and are never added to Ohio's.

People sentenced, FY2025: 560
Noncitizens, FY2025: 14%
Pretrial cases, FY2025: 503
Detained, FY2025: 55.5%

Federal sentences

People sentenced in this court under the federal guidelines, by federal fiscal year (October to September), counted by CrimeDB from the Sentencing Commission's records. Dashed lines mark changes in federal sentencing law.

People sentenced, FY2002 to FY2025

FY2003: PROTECT Act, April 30, 2003: appeals courts review departures from the guidelines anew, and the Commission must cut downward departures.
FY2005: United States v. Booker, January 12, 2005: the guidelines become advisory, so FY2005 holds sentences from before and after.
FY2008: Gall and Kimbrough, December 10, 2007: judges may sentence outside the range with less reason given, including over the crack to powder ratio.
FY2010: Fair Sentencing Act, August 3, 2010: crack cocaine thresholds rise and the crack to powder ratio falls from 100 to 1 to about 18 to 1.
FY2019: First Step Act, December 21, 2018: a wider safety valve, no more stacked gun counts, and the crack changes made retroactive.
FY2024: Guideline amendments of November 1, 2023: fewer criminal history points for offenses committed under supervision, and a lower range for people with none.

Sentence type and length, FY2025

Share of people sentenced
Prison only	89%496	496
Prison and alternatives	2%13	13
Probation and alternatives	2%11	11
Probation only	7%40	40

Alternatives are home detention, community confinement, or intermittent confinement. The median prison term was 42 months (mean 71) for the 509 sentenced to prison, 2 of them to life; life and anything over 470 months count as 470, as the Commission counts them.

Percent sentenced to prison, FY2002 to FY2025

Median prison term in months, FY2002 to FY2025

FY2018: From FY2018 the Commission counts a sentence of time served with no amount given as one day of prison; before, it left those out of the prison term. Counted that way, FY2017's national median prison term would be 24 months, not 27.

People sentenced by offense, FY2025

Share of people sentenced
Drug Trafficking	36%203	203
Firearms	25%137	137
Fraud/Theft/Embezzlement	10%55	55
Immigration	7%40	40
Child Pornography	6%36	36
Sex Abuse	4%20	20
Money Launder	3%14	14
Robbery	2%11	11
Administration of Justice	1%7	7
Murder	1%7	7
Obscenity/Other Sex Offenses	1%6	6
Prison Offenses	1%5	5
Forgery/Counter/Copyright	1%4	4
Arson	1%3	3
Assault	1%3	3
Tax	1%3	3
Individual Rights	<1%2	2
Stalking/Harassing	<1%2	2
Drug Possession	<1%1	1
Other	<1%1	1

All 560 people sentenced, by the Commission's offense type (OFFGUIDE, by the primary guideline).

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio by offense, FY2018 to FY2025

Offense	FY2018	FY2019*	FY2020	FY2021	FY2022	FY2023	FY2024*	FY2025
Drug Trafficking	211	209	176	178	222	238	203	203
Firearms	90	94	103	110	144	134	145	137
Fraud/Theft/Embezzlement	72	73	77	90	76	111	97	55
Immigration	58	58	46	24	9	20	18	40
Child Pornography	27	15	20	12	20	26	14	36
Money Launder	23	27	17	17	8	25	24	14
Sex Abuse	22	19	16	18	20	19	19	20
Robbery	20	15	23	15	21	4	16	11
Tax	13	12	16	9	7	6	6	3
Administration of Justice	7	8	7	4	10	7	1	7
Murder	0	0	10	7	13	2	5	7
Forgery/Counter/Copyright	6	6	6	1	2	1	3	4
Obscenity/Other Sex Offenses	5	0	5	3	2	3	2	6
Drug Possession	5	3	6	0	4	4	2	1
Assault	1	4	5	1	4	2	4	3
Stalking/Harassing	3	3	2	4	6	1	2	2
Other	1	3	10	0	1	5	1	1
Kidnapping	4	1	0	1	7	4	1	0
Bribery/Corruption	0	4	3	3	0	4	2	0
Prison Offenses	2	1	1	1	1	2	3	5
Environmental	0	2	1	5	2	2	1	0
Individual Rights	1	1	0	1	1	1	4	2
Arson	0	1	0	0	0	1	2	3
National Defense	2	1	2	1	0	1	0	0
Extortion/Racketeering	0	2	0	2	2	0	0	0
Commercialized Vice	1	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Food and Drug	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0
Manslaughter	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
All offenses	574	562	552	507	583	623	577	560

By the Commission's offense type for these years (OFFGUIDE, by the primary guideline). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

Earlier years, under the Commission's older offense types, are in the tables at the foot of the page.

People sentenced by citizenship, FY2025

Share of people sentenced
U.S. citizen	86%481	481
Not a U.S. citizen	14%79	79
Citizenship not known	0%0	0

40 of the 560 were sentenced for an immigration offense.

People sentenced by race and Hispanic origin, FY2025

People sentenced by race and Hispanic origin, FY2025
Black	51%286	286
White+MENA, 1 placed by CrimeDB	29%164	164
Hispanic	18%100	100
Asian+NHPI	1%7	7
Race unknown	1%3	3

Race and Hispanic origin as each person told the probation officer
Race recorded without ethnicity: split by the source's own recorded Hispanic share of each race

All 560 people sentenced. Race and Hispanic origin as each person told the probation officer. Hispanic is of any race; the other groups are not Hispanic. White+MENA includes Middle Eastern and North African people. USSC recorded a race and no Hispanic origin for 1 people in FY2025: each keeps that race, and CrimeDB placed only their Hispanic origin, the lighter part.

People sentenced by criminal history category, FY2025

People sentenced by criminal history category, FY2025
I	38%212	212
II	13%73	73
III	17%95	95
IV	10%55	55
V	10%53	53
VI	13%71	71
Category not known	<1%1	1

All 560 people sentenced. By the category the court found, I (least) to VI (most), from points for prior sentences under the guidelines.

Sentences against the guideline range, FY2025

Sentences against the guideline range, FY2025
Within the range	24%134	134
Above the range	2%10	10
Below the range, government-sponsored	54%304	304
Below the range, not government-sponsored	20%112	112

All 560 people sentenced. In the Commission's four groups. Government-sponsored: the prosecutor moved for it, for substantial assistance, early disposition, or another reason.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Pretrial release and detention

Defendants whose pretrial services case opened in the fiscal year, and the percent detained and never released before trial, as U.S. Courts prints them. Table H-14 counts every case, H-14A leaves out immigration cases, and H-14B, from FY2022, leaves out the cases U.S. Courts classes as illegal alien cases.

Percent detained, all cases (H-14), FY2006 to FY2025

Pretrial release and detention, FY2025

Which cases	Table	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
All cases	H-14	503	279	224	55.5%	44.5%
Excluding immigration cases	H-14A	458	234	224	51.1%	48.9%
Excluding illegal alien cases	H-14B	444	222	222	50.0%	50.0%

Detained: detained and never released before trial, as U.S. Courts prints it.

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B.

Every figure as a table

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio, by fiscal year

Fiscal year	People sentenced	U.S. citizens	Noncitizens	Citizenship not known	Immigration offenses
FY2002	393	366	22	5	4
FY2003	529	485	37	7	11
FY2004	467	413	42	12	14
FY2005	616	537	68	11	23
FY2006	709	612	69	28	21
FY2007	631	548	72	11	14
FY2008	627	548	70	9	17
FY2009	619	512	100	7	40
FY2010	682	513	166	3	120
FY2011	744	568	173	3	94
FY2012	630	518	108	4	47
FY2013	593	447	144	2	49
FY2014	644	500	139	5	56
FY2015	590	436	153	1	86
FY2016	502	368	134	0	54
FY2017	540	398	141	1	62
FY2018	574	436	137	1	58
FY2019	562	430	129	3	58
FY2020	552	456	96	0	46
FY2021	507	442	65	0	24
FY2022	583	537	45	1	9
FY2023	623	561	62	0	20
FY2024	577	515	62	0	18
FY2025	560	481	79	0	40

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Immigration offenses are the Commission's offense type for the year (OFFTYPE2 to FY2009, OFFTYPSB to FY2017, OFFGUIDE from FY2018).

Sentence type in the Southern District of Ohio, by fiscal year

Fiscal year	People sentenced	Prison only	Prison and alternatives	Probation and alternatives	Probation only	Fine only	Type not known	Sentenced to prison	Life sentences
FY2002	393	271	24	39	47	2	10	77%	0
FY2003*	529	363	22	69	69	5	1	73%	0
FY2004	467	285	41	59	70	2	10	71%	1
FY2005*	616	442	25	57	86	1	5	76%	0
FY2006	709	534	41	45	84	5	0	81%	0
FY2007	631	469	32	51	75	3	1	80%	2
FY2008*	627	461	31	61	72	1	1	79%	3
FY2009	619	483	41	48	44	2	1	85%	1
FY2010*	682	523	40	47	72	0	0	83%	2
FY2011	744	601	44	52	43	4	0	87%	1
FY2012	630	474	46	46	63	1	0	83%	1
FY2013	593	474	39	32	47	1	0	87%	0
FY2014	644	546	34	24	38	2	0	90%	0
FY2015	590	484	35	22	49	0	0	88%	0
FY2016	502	401	38	23	40	0	0	87%	0
FY2017	540	461	35	9	35	0	0	92%	6
FY2018	574	493	23	19	38	1	0	90%	1
FY2019*	562	464	28	22	48	0	0	88%	0
FY2020	552	436	33	35	48	0	0	85%	3
FY2021	507	391	16	22	78	0	0	80%	0
FY2022	583	482	27	15	58	1	0	87%	1
FY2023	623	513	21	23	64	2	0	86%	0
FY2024*	577	494	15	9	59	0	0	88%	2
FY2025	560	496	13	11	40	0	0	91%	2

USSC's sentence types (SENTIMP). Alternatives are home detention, community confinement, or intermittent confinement. Sentenced to prison: prison only, or prison and alternatives, of those whose type is known.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

Sentence length in the Southern District of Ohio, by fiscal year (months)

Fiscal year	Sentence, mean	Sentence, median	People sentenced	Prison term, mean	Prison term, median	Sentenced to prison
FY2002	43	24	383	55	32	295
FY2003*	44	21	528	59	37	385
FY2004	41	18	458	56	35	326
FY2005*	49	27	611	64	43	466
FY2006	53	33	708	64	48	573
FY2007	59	33	630	74	57	498
FY2008*	55	30	625	69	46	491
FY2009	52	36	618	60	46	518
FY2010*	47	24	682	57	36	547
FY2011	43	24	744	50	30	630
FY2012	46	25	630	56	37	510
FY2013	44	26	593	52	33	499
FY2014	48	27	644	55	36	562
FY2015	41	24	590	46	30	511
FY2016	44	30	502	51	36	424
FY2017	54	30	540	60	36	478
FY2018	47	30	574	52	36	516
FY2019*	47	30	562	53	36	492
FY2020	50	27	552	58	34	469
FY2021	51	30	507	63	37	407
FY2022	54	35	583	61	40	509
FY2023	50	30	623	58	36	534
FY2024*	52	28	577	58	36	509
FY2025	64	36	560	71	42	509

Sentence: prison and alternative confinement, with probation and fines as zero (USSC's sentence length). Prison term: prison alone, for those sentenced to prison (USSC's length of imprisonment). Life and anything over 470 months count as 470, as USSC counts them.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

FY2018: From FY2018 the Commission counts a sentence of time served with no amount given as one day of prison; before, it left those out of the prison term. Counted that way, FY2017's national median prison term would be 24 months, not 27.

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio by offense, FY2002 to FY2009

Offense	FY2002	FY2003*	FY2004	FY2005*	FY2006	FY2007	FY2008*	FY2009
Drugs - Trafficking, Manufacturing, and Importing	167	191	142	223	253	268	253	295
Firearms	24	66	73	111	118	106	90	80
Fraud	63	75	80	83	107	80	98	64
Larceny	24	43	33	42	33	21	15	17
Forgery/Counterfeiting	16	23	39	19	24	38	25	7
Immigration	4	11	14	23	21	14	17	40
Robbery	26	21	14	22	26	9	12	9
Pornography/Prostitution	3	11	7	8	21	17	17	23
Drugs - Simple Possession	6	8	6	8	20	13	16	12
Traffic Violations and Other Offenses	5	14	13	12	12	6	12	15
Money Laundering	4	9	7	6	17	15	16	13
Embezzlement	22	17	3	8	13	5	8	10
Tax Offenses	7	10	16	8	6	17	13	6
Administration of Justice	2	9	2	3	5	4	8	5
Racketeering/Extortion	7	2	3	4	7	2	5	2
Drugs - Communication Facilities	5	2	0	13	5	1	2	0
Assault	1	2	3	4	6	2	4	1
Food and Drug Offenses	2	1	2	6	5	1	1	2
Prison Offenses	1	3	1	4	1	3	3	4
Sexual Abuse	0	0	0	2	3	4	4	5
Environmental, Game, Fish, and Wildlife Offenses	0	4	2	2	1	2	2	2
Auto Theft	0	0	5	4	0	0	2	0
Bribery	1	1	0	0	1	1	0	3
National Defense Offenses	0	1	2	1	0	0	0	1
Burglary/Breaking and Entering	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2
Gambling/Lottery	2	0	0	0	0	0	2	0
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking	0	1	0	0	3	0	0	0
Civil Rights Offenses	0	1	0	0	0	0	1	1
Murder	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
Offense type not known	1	3	0	0	0	1	0	0
All offenses	393	529	467	616	709	631	627	619

By the Commission's offense type for these years (OFFTYPE2). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio by offense, FY2010 to FY2017

Offense	FY2010*	FY2011	FY2012	FY2013	FY2014	FY2015	FY2016	FY2017
Drugs - Trafficking, Manufacturing, and Importing	199	279	244	213	255	231	189	189
Firearms	104	97	64	77	89	48	70	102
Fraud	94	95	64	85	78	79	62	65
Immigration	120	94	47	49	56	86	54	62
Child Pornography	39	41	61	37	42	39	23	31
Administration of Justice	14	24	16	18	16	13	11	5
Tax Offenses	13	21	21	10	18	15	11	7
Larceny	21	12	25	17	11	9	14	3
Traffic Violations and Other Offenses	8	10	11	13	25	12	14	10
Forgery/Counterfeiting	16	13	17	21	6	7	8	6
Money Laundering	9	9	7	20	8	8	7	6
Racketeering/Extortion	10	1	5	0	4	4	9	23
Embezzlement	6	9	10	6	5	1	7	6
Robbery	7	7	8	5	4	11	5	2
Drugs - Simple Possession	5	10	8	5	7	4	3	6
Sexual Abuse	5	4	7	4	7	8	4	7
Prison Offenses	3	3	2	1	7	0	2	4
Assault	3	2	2	3	4	3	1	2
Environmental, Game, Fish, and Wildlife Offenses	1	5	4	4	1	2	2	1
Bribery	0	5	1	2	0	5	1	0
Drugs - Communication Facilities	1	0	4	1	0	2	0	1
Civil Rights Offenses	0	2	2	0	0	1	2	0
Auto Theft	0	0	0	2	0	0	0	2
Antitrust Violations	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambling/Lottery	0	1	0	0	0	2	0	0
Kidnapping/Hostage Taking	0	0	0	0	0	0	3	0
Burglary/Breaking and Entering	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Food and Drug Offenses	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0
All offenses	682	744	630	593	644	590	502	540

By the Commission's offense type for these years (OFFTYPSB). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

* A change in federal sentencing law took effect in this fiscal year (listed under the timeline).

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio by offense, FY2025

Offense	People sentenced	Share
Drug Trafficking	203	36%
Firearms	137	25%
Fraud/Theft/Embezzlement	55	10%
Immigration	40	7%
Child Pornography	36	6%
Sex Abuse	20	4%
Money Launder	14	3%
Robbery	11	2%
Administration of Justice	7	1%
Murder	7	1%
Obscenity/Other Sex Offenses	6	1%
Prison Offenses	5	1%
Forgery/Counter/Copyright	4	1%
Arson	3	1%
Assault	3	1%
Tax	3	1%
Individual Rights	2	<1%
Stalking/Harassing	2	<1%
Drug Possession	1	<1%
Other	1	<1%

All 560 people sentenced, by the Commission's offense type (OFFGUIDE, by the primary guideline). Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio by race and Hispanic origin, FY2025

Race and Hispanic origin	People sentenced	Of which placed by CrimeDB	Share
Black	286	0	51%
White+MENA	164	1	29%
Hispanic	100	0	18%
Asian+NHPI	7	0	1%
Race unknown	3	0	1%

All 560 people sentenced.

Hispanic is of any race; the other groups are not Hispanic. White+MENA includes Middle Eastern and North African people.

USSC recorded a race and no Hispanic origin for 1 people in FY2025: each keeps that race, and CrimeDB placed only their Hispanic origin, the lighter part.

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Of which placed by CrimeDB: the part of each group CrimeDB placed (race recorded without ethnicity: split by the source's own recorded Hispanic share of each race); the rest of each group is as USSC recorded it.

People sentenced in the Southern District of Ohio by criminal history category, FY2025

Criminal history category	People sentenced	Share
I	212	38%
II	73	13%
III	95	17%
IV	55	10%
V	53	10%
VI	71	13%
Category not known	1	<1%

All 560 people sentenced.

The category the court found (XCRHISSR), I (least) to VI (most).

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Sentences in the Southern District of Ohio against the guideline range, FY2025

Against the guideline range	People sentenced	Share
Within the range	134	24%
Above the range	10	2%
Below the range, government-sponsored	304	54%
Below the range, not government-sponsored	112	20%

All 560 people sentenced.

The Commission's four groups (SENTRNGE collapsed as its Sourcebook does).

Source: U.S. Sentencing Commission, individual offender datafiles, counted by CrimeDB.

Pretrial release and detention in the Southern District of Ohio, all cases (Table H-14)

Fiscal year	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
FY2006	930	267	663	28.7%	71.3%
FY2007	1,029	262	767	25.5%	74.5%
FY2008	862	302	560	35.0%	65.0%
FY2009	879	295	584	33.6%	66.4%
FY2010	921	331	590	35.9%	64.1%
FY2011	928	325	603	35.0%	65.0%
FY2012	809	269	540	33.3%	66.7%
FY2013	835	346	489	41.4%	58.6%
FY2014	724	335	389	46.3%	53.7%
FY2015	741	313	428	42.2%	57.8%
FY2016	653	304	349	46.6%	53.4%
FY2017	743	403	340	54.2%	45.8%
FY2018	774	385	389	49.7%	50.3%
FY2019	762	357	405	46.9%	53.1%
FY2020	596	300	296	50.3%	49.7%
FY2021	673	289	384	42.9%	57.1%
FY2022	567	236	331	41.6%	58.4%
FY2023	560	270	290	48.2%	51.8%
FY2024	516	268	248	51.9%	48.1%
FY2025	503	279	224	55.5%	44.5%

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B, as printed.

Pretrial release and detention in the Southern District of Ohio, excluding immigration cases (Table H-14A)

Fiscal year	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
FY2006	921	258	663	28.0%	72.0%
FY2007	1,014	247	767	24.4%	75.6%
FY2008	837	278	559	33.2%	66.8%
FY2009	794	244	550	30.7%	69.3%
FY2010	814	240	574	29.5%	70.5%
FY2011	871	269	602	30.9%	69.1%
FY2012	766	227	539	29.6%	70.4%
FY2013	781	295	486	37.8%	62.2%
FY2014	647	261	386	40.3%	59.7%
FY2015	588	199	389	33.8%	66.2%
FY2016	496	177	319	35.7%	64.3%
FY2017	631	307	324	48.7%	51.3%
FY2018	726	337	389	46.4%	53.6%
FY2019	715	310	405	43.4%	56.6%
FY2020	566	270	296	47.7%	52.3%
FY2021	655	271	384	41.4%	58.6%
FY2022	557	226	331	40.6%	59.4%
FY2023	547	257	290	47.0%	53.0%
FY2024	498	250	248	50.2%	49.8%
FY2025	458	234	224	51.1%	48.9%

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B, as printed.

Pretrial release and detention in the Southern District of Ohio, excluding illegal alien cases (Table H-14B)

Fiscal year	Cases opened	Detained	Released	Detained (%)	Released (%)
FY2022	544	216	328	39.7%	60.3%
FY2023	523	235	288	44.9%	55.1%
FY2024	488	241	247	49.4%	50.6%
FY2025	444	222	222	50.0%	50.0%

Source: U.S. Courts, Judicial Business Tables H-14, H-14A, and H-14B, as printed.